BAITUL MAQDIS/BAITUL
MUQADDAS
Dukkan yabo da godiya da
kirari sun tabata ga Allah ta’ala madaukaki sarki, muna gode masa muna neman
agajinsa da taimakonsa da kiyayewarsa dakariyarsa. wanda Allah ta’ala ya
shiryar da shi shine cikakken shiryayye wanda Allah ta’ala ya batar da shi babu
mai iya shiryarwa agareshi salatin Allah da daukaka da aminci su tabbata bisa
Annabinsa Muhammad (SAW) cikamakin annabawa shugaban manzanni wanda Allah ya
aikoshi domin ya zamo rahma ga talikai sahabbansa masu daraja da iyalan gidansa
masu girma da wadanda suka biyo tafarkinsa da kyautatawa har ya zuwa ranar
sakamako masu sauraren mu acikin wannan shiri na kundin tarihi assalamu Alaikum
warahmatulahi ta’ala wabarakatuhu.
Wannan mako mun sami
tambayoyi masu yawa dangane ga asalin tarihin wato baitul maqdis, ko Al-baitul
muqaddas kamar yadda ake cewa wannan massallaci meye tarihin sa wa ya fara gina
shi, kuma yaya ya biyo tarihi har yazamo cewa shine massalci mai daraja ta uku a
duniya. Bayan masallacin Ka’aba da massalacin Annabi (SAW) a fadin duniyannan
ta allahu gabaki daya babu masallacin da yakai darajan wato Al-masjidul aqsa.
To a wannan sati insha Allahu zamu bada tarihin wannan masallaci da yadda ya
biyo a tarihi har izuwa yau dinnan yadda muke ciki insha Allahu.
Baitul Maqdis ko baitul
muqaddas duka daya ne ana karanta shi da al-baitul maqadisi ko Al-baitul
muqaddas ko biatul maqadisi ko ace Al-masjidul Aqsa wato masallacin Kudus wanda
baitul maqadisi yana nufin me tsarki abin tsarkakewa in kace baitul maqadisi yana
nufin abin tsarkakewa baitul muqaddas ismu Maful ne na qaddasa – Yuqaddisu –
taqdis shi kuma maqdis kamar wato zarf ne ismu zaman ko ismu makan ko ismu hadath Kaman yadda suke
cewa wato mafiline ala wazni mafili. To atakaice dai abida ake nufi cewa za’a
iya cewa baitul maqadisi ko baitul muqaddas wato bifathid-dal kenan Muqaddas
ba muqaddis ba, wasu na cewa baitul Muqaddis aa baitul Muqaddas.
Muqaddas din ismu maful ne na qaddasa – Yuqaddisu – taqdisu ismu fail ne kenan
na fa’aala yufa’iilu tafil, mufa’iil – muqaddis Mufa’aal shine wato ismu maful
na qaddasa. Wannan tarihi wato na masslaci dadedden masallaci ne me dogon
tarihi tsakanin ginashi da gina masallacin ka’aba shekara Arbain ne kamar yadda
wani sahabi ya tambayi Annabi (SAW) ya gaya masa kuma ruwaya tazo cewa Annabi
Ishaqa ko Annabi Ibrahim shi ne ya fara gina shi ko Annabi Yakuba kamar yadda
ruwaya tazo daban daban. Daga baya ne Annabi Sulaiman ya rusheshi ya sake
ginashi. Wannan masallaci ya samu darajoji mai yawa wato baya masallaci Makka
da na Madina nafarko dai gurine mai Albarka kamar yadda Allah Ta’ala ya fada “Subhanallazi Asra bi abdihi laylan minal masjidil
haraimi Ilal masjidil aqsa, Allazi barakna haulahu”
acikin suratul Isra’I Aya ta daya Allah yakira gurin wanda mukai Albarka kewaye
da shi sannan a cikin suratul anbiya’I aya ta sabain da daya (71) yace “Wa najjainahu wa ludan ilal ardil-lati Barakna
fiha”
muka tsaratar da shi da annabi ludu zuwa wato kasar da mukai mata Albarka sannan
yake cewa a cikin suratul anbiya’I aya ta tamanin da daya (81)“wali sulaimanurriha asifatan tajri bi amrihi ilal
ardillati barakna fiha” dan haka wannan ya nuna mana wuri ne mai
Albarka sannan shine guri na uku da aka hallatawa mutane su dora sirdi suyi
doguwar tafiya domin sukai ziyara suyi ibada agurin kamar yadda ya tabbata a
hadisi cikin sahihul bukhari da muslim sannan nan annabi Ibrahim yai hijira
haka Annanbi (SAW) da zai tafi mi’iraji saida yai isra’I zuwa masjidul aqsa sannan
yay mi’iraji zuwa sama haka nanne tasha mahada inda Allah ta’ala yasa Annabi
(SAW) yazauna yay wa annabawa limanci kafin kuma a tafi sama da shi, wannan shi
ake kira isra’I wato tafiyar Annabi (SAW) daga makka zuwa Al-Masjidil Aqsa ita
ake kira isra’I sannan tafiyarsa kuma zuwa sama itace mi’iraji, dan haka in an
ce isra’i wannan tafiyar, mi’iraji kuma zuwa sama kamar yadda malamai suka
raba. Sannan nanne matattarar annabawa domin mafi yawan annabawan Allah ta’ala a
wannan yanki suka rayu, sannan tana da cikin guraren da dujal bazai iya shiga
ba kamar yadda annabi (SAW) ya fada kamar yadda ya tabbata a hadisi imamu Ahmad
ya ruwaito wannan hadisi haka kuma ya ruwaito da ibn habbab sannan wato anan ne
annabawa zasu taru annabi(SAW)ya musu limanci kuma nan ne alkila ta farko da
musulmi suka farayin sallah tun kafin ajuya su zuwa su kalli ka’aba bayan
Annabi (SAW) ya hijira ma sahabbai sun cigaba da yin Sallah suna kallon Al-Masjudul
Aqsa har se bayan wata goma sha shida (16) ko wata goma sha bakwai(17) sannan Allah ta’ala yai
umarni a juya a kalli wato masallaci wato mai Alfarma da ke makka amma kafin
nan ana kallon wato masjidul aqsa ne sannan anan annabi isah zai bayyana kafin
tashin Alkiyama kuma ananne wata jama’a zata fito wacce zata taimakawa addinin
Musulunci sannan anan mahadi zai bayyana da sauran abubuwa da aka yi Magana na
tashin Alkiyama kamar yadda yazo a cikin littafin Manaqibush-Sham wa ahlihi to
da kuma Al-Majmu’u da kuma wato AL-jawabush-Shari wa to juzu’I na biyar shafi
na (203) munyi bayani tun farko cewa bayani sunzo akan farkon ginin wato
masjidul aqsa maganganu game da wannan waya fara gina wannan masallaci mun ce
wasu malaman sunce Annabi Adam ne, kamar yadda Ibn Jauzi ya kawo kuma Ibn Hajar
ya rinjayar aciki fathil bari, ya kawo hujja da abinda Ibn Khisham ya kawo a
cikin At-Tijan cewa annabi Adam ne ya fara gina wannan gurin daga baya bayan ya
rushe ne aka je aka jaddada gininsa. Kuma annabi adam ne ya gina wannan
massalci kamar yadda sheikhul islam wato ainihin shima ya fada kuma ya rinjayar
kamar yadda imamu bukhari da Muslim yazo cewa an tambayi annabi (SAW) wane
massalaci aka fara ginawa a duniya yace masallaci me Alfarma dake Makkah bayan
sa fa, sai yace Al-masjidil Aqsa sai sahabin ya tambayeshi tsakanin su zai kai
shekara nawa si yace tsakaninsu zaikai shekara Arbain ko kuma annabi ishaqa ko
dansa annabi ya’aqub wato cikin daya daga cikinsune ya gina wannan guri ko ya
sake jaddada wannan gini kamar yadda Ibnul-Qayyim ya rinjayar da cewa annabi yaqubu
dan annabi Ishaqa ne ya gina shi shikuma alokacin annabi sulaimana ya jaddada
ginin ne lokacin da yazo ginin da da akayi na kasa ne dan haka da yazo ya tunda
shi Allah ya bashi iko yana jujjuya Aljanu sai ya chanza ginin ya maida shi
wato gini mai girma wato akayi shi kuma na dutse mai kwari kamar yadda yazo
acikin Shifa’ul-Qulub bi iqalush-shibahil yahudi haulal Qudsi massalcin yana da
fadin murabba’I me fadi tsawon sa ta bangaren yamma ya kai metre 490 ta
bangaren gabas ya kai meter 374 ta bagaren arewa ya kai meter 321 ta bangaren
kudu ya kai meter 283. Masallacin kewaye yake da katan ga tsawonta ya kai meter
30 zuwa 40 gaba daya ya kai fadinin murabba’I meter 14900 masallacin yanada
taga (window) 137 akwai rijiyoyi 34 da hasumiyoyi guda hudu da kuma kofofi guda
5 wannan shine yadda aka wassafa wannan masallaci na Al-aqsa da kuma abinda ya
kunsa wato ainihin na tagogi da kuma kofa da kuma abubuwan da suka biyo baya na
wato ginin da akayi masa. Shi Annabi Sulaiman kamar yadda mukai bayani shi ya
sabunta wannan gini yayishi na dutse mai kwari wanda ya kwashe shekaru aru-aru a
haka ba tare day a ruguje ko ya rushe ba. Bayan wucewar annabi sulaiman da
shekara 100 sai rauni ya shiga musulmi sai babiliyon suka zo suka kwace wannan gurin
Ukhtan-nasar shi ne wato sarkin yakin da yazo ya yaki yahudawa ya rushe wannnan
masallaci ya karkashe mutane ya rushe gidaje yai barna mai yawa kafin haihuwar
Annabi Isah da shekara 587 har ya zuwa lokacin da annabi zakariya da annabi yahaya
da annabi isa kusan daman lokacin su daya ne bayan wannan sarkin farisa yazo
yaci garin da yaki ya auri wata bayahudiya sakamakon haka ya yarjewa yahudawa
su komo wannan guri shi ne suka dawo suka tsaya sukayi shekaru a gurin daga baya
yaki ya sake barkewa tsakanin su da farisa sarkin farisa ya kwace wanna guri a
shekara ta 332 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isah sakamakon yakinsu da sukayi da
yunan karkashin iskandar wato
Al-mukaddami shi ne ya cigaba da tsare wannan guri har izuwa shekarata 63 kafin
haihuwar wato Annabi Isah. To alokacin annabi Musa wato chan baya kuma wato
shima wannan masallaci ya shiga yanayi iri-iri wanda Annabi musa ya jagoranci yahudawa
akan suje su kwato wannan masallaci bayan kubucewarsa daga hannunsu bayan
annabi Ya’aquba yayi hijira da yayansa ya koma ainihin wato masar lokacin da
dansa Annabi Yusuf ya sami sarauta to ya tashi tashinsa sai ya zamo wato gurin
ya kubuta daga hannunsu to alokacin annabi Musa aka Umarceshi da banu israila
da suje wannan guri domin suyi yaki su karbo wannan guri amma sukace wa annabi
musa mu bazamuje muyi yaki ba ku tafi kuje kai da Allah kuje kuyi yakinku mu
muna nan azaune wanda Allah ya bamu kissan sa acikin suratu Ma’ida . to bayan
wucewar annabi musa sai wato Yusha’u bin Nun yai jagorancin yaki mai karfi wanda
Allah ya bashi nasara har yazo ma zai shiga garin rana tazo zata fadi kamar
yadda ya tabbata acikin hadisin bukhari da muslim ya roki Allah ta’ala da ya tsayar
masa da rana aka tsayar masa da rana ya shiga aka gwabza yaki a wannan yakin ne
Allah Ta’ala ya bada nasara aka kwato wannan masallaci aka dawo dashi hannun musulmi
ya cigaba da zama a hannun musulmi har izuwa lokacin da wanchan rauni ya
sameshi. To wannan masallaci bayan kwace shi dinnan ya cigaba da zama a hannun
rumawa kuma haka wato akai ta cigaba da zama bbu wanda yayi tunanin ya kwato
wannan masallaci har izuwa lokacin musulunci shekara ta 636 bayan hijira
lokacin sayyidina Umar karkashin jagoranci Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas kafin sa kuma
an tura Abu-Ubaidatu bin Jarrah Allah ya bada asara karkashi jagorancin shi Abu-ubaidatu
bin Jarrah aka sami nasara akar karbo wannan masallaci daga hannun yahudawa ya
cigaba da zama a hannun musulmi tun daga shekara ta 16 bayan hijira shekara ta
636 miladiyya masallacin ya dawo hannun musulmi.
Haka ya zauna har izuwa shekara
600 a hannun musulmi sai alokacin wato daular fatimiyya a lokacin ne wato
masallacin ya sake shiga hannun kakanikayi wanda ta kai ya sake kubucewa daga hannun
musulmi a shekara ta 1098 har masslacin ya subuce ya koma hannun wa’inda ba musulmi
ba suka cigabada juyashi. Har ya zuwa lokacin da Allah ta’ala ya kawo salahuddeenul Ayyubi wato aranar 27 ga watan Rajab
na wannan shekara din Allah ya bashi nasara ya jagoranci wata runduna makekiya aka
je aka kwato wannan wato massalaci na kudus aka dawo dashi hannun wato ainihin musulmi
wanda ya cigaba da zama kuma har izuwa lokacinda wannan shekara din da muke
ciki ko cikin wannan karni da muke ciki farkonsa lokacin wato musulmi rauni ya
same su kuma raunin ya kai inda ya kai har wato wadanda ba musulmi ba sukayi
fatan su sake kwato wannan masallaci su dawo dashi hannunsu. To amma a wannan lokacin masallacin ya cigaba da zama
cikin lafiya acikin daular Mamalik da daular Usmaniyya har yazuwa karshen
daular turkiya 1924 miladiyya wannan masallaci wato yana hannun musulmi. To amma
alokacin gwamnatin ingila tayi wata dabara na ta sauke yahudawa a wannan guri lokacin
tanayin wato mulkin da suke yi dinnan na zalunci to alokacin ta sami dammar shigo
da yahudawa ta bude ofishin jakadanci wato a wannan guri aka dinga kawo
yahudawa suna siyan fili suna bude offisoshi suna yin gona har sukayi karfi
sukayi yawa adadin su yakai wajen su dubu chasa’in da wani abu. To a wannan
lokacin ne suka fara tunanin rigima da mutanen wurin kuma suka bayyanawa mutane
cewa sunzo ne sumaido da kasarsu wato suna ma zaton kasarsu ce wanda aka kwace
musu dan haka suzo su maido da ita. Kuma suka sami taimakon sojoji daga
gwamnatin ingila da gwamnatin Amuraka da sauran gwamnatocin kasashen turai sukai
ta basu goyon baya musamman yadda suka tausaya musu akan yadda hitler ya kashe yahudawa
wanda wasu na cewa adadin su yakai miliyan takwas da rabi a shekaru yan kadan Hitler
ya kashe yahudawa mai wannan adadin don haka su kai ta kokarin nema musu kasa sai
sukayi tunanin maida su waccan kasa wanda asalinta kasa ce ta wato ainihin
annabawan Allah to amma sai akai kokarin maidasu wanda tun daga 1939 da aka fara
yakin duniya na biyu har izuwa 1946 lokacin
da aka kare yakin duniya na biyu lokacin yahudawa suna shiryeshiryen kaa daula dan
haka 1947 suka sanarwa duniya cewasun kafa daula wanda wannan kafa daula kasar
arabawa a tsakiyar gidajen mutane bai wa mutane dadi ba kuma haka aka sa a ka
cigaba da fafatawa har takai 1949 yaki ya barke tsakanin larabawa da yahudawa to
su larabawa sunaga sabida karancin yahudawa da su kuma yawansu kamar zasu iya gamawa dasu basu
san cewa a lokacin akwai daurin gindi da goyon baya daga gwamnatin ingila ba da
kuwa gwamnatin amurka da sauran kasahen turai yaki dai akai tayi wanda munyi
bayani acan baya wani lokaci cewa anyi yaki daban daban har guda goma sha daya tsakanin
yahdawa da karabawa amma duk sanda akai yakin nan yahudawa ne ke ci nasara akan
larabawa saboda su suna da daurin gindi daga kasashen waje suna samin makamai kumasu
sunada hadin kai amma su larabawa daga karshe sai yazama basa iya hadin kai ko
taro sukazo yi akan yadda zasu maydawada falastinawa kasarsu sai ashiga taron
shayi kawai ake sha mai dimi shikenan sai a tattauna a watse a karshe se kaga
abinda aka fitar ba wani abu bane wanda zaiwa labarawan amfani ba. Ko kaji ance
an zauna za’a taymakawa larabawan falastinu amma za’a taymaka musu ne da
motocin diban gawawwaki da bandage da sauran magunguna idan yahudawa sun ji
musu rauni to zasu taymaka da motoci a dauko masu raunin a kaisu asibiti. Wato su
baza’a taymaka musu da makamai ba suma yadda yahudawa suke samun makamai har
israila ta wayi gari tan daga cikin kasashe guda 13 wadanda suka mallaki
makamin nuclear a duniya amma a larabawa babu kasa
Rubutawa Abubakar S, Maqarphy
Daga Taskar Mal. Aminu Ibrahim Daurawa